Home » SAVREMENA ISTORIJA, god. 1, br. 1 (2026) » Neugodni dokazi: o izazovima novih priča o Srebrenici

Neugodni dokazi: o izazovima novih priča o Srebrenici

Maks Bergholc
Univerzitet Konkordija, Montreal, Kanada

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god. 1, br. 1 (2026), str. 71-96
https://doi.org/10.29362/savremena.2026.1.ber.71-96

 

APSTRAKT/REZIME:

Međunarodni krivični sud za bivšu Jugoslaviju (MKSJ, eng. ICTY) oblikovao je diskurs o julu 1995. u Srebrenici. Radeći na tome da se pozovu na odgovornost počinioci zločina genocida, između drugih zločina protiv čovečnosti, tužioci ovog suda prikupili su ogroman dokazni materijal, iznosili slučajeve pred sudom i isposlovali brojne osude. Validnost ovih sudskih postupaka ne prestaje da izaziva ogorčene rasprave među različitim akterima u Bosni i Hercegovini. Ta dinamika utiče na način na koji istoričari pristupaju ovim zbivanjima. U principu, oni ne postavljaju pitanja koja bitno odstupaju od ciljeva čvrsto povezanih sa narativom o genocidu MKSJ-a, sa njegovim jasnim kategorijama počinilaca i žrtava, i od zadatka da se ustanovi krivica jednih i stradanje drugih. Više od trideset godina nakon jula 1995. možda je došlo vreme da se zapitamo: šta možemo da naučimo iz ovog pristupa što bi bilo novo? Umesto da prepričavamo ono što već znamo o ovim događajima, možda bismo mogli da svoj analitički pogled usmerimo prema onome što ja ovde nazivam „neugodnim dokazima“. Ovo je naziv za priče o julu 1995. koje se opiru našoj želji da ih uteramo u crno-bele binarne kategorije, koje su relevantnije za sudske postupke i one koji nastoje da istoriju koriste kako bi potvrđivali ili poricali njihove rezultate. Umesto toga, priče zasnovane na neugodnim dokazima – ovde su ispričane i analizirane tri – pozivaju nas da kročimo u sivu zonu u kojoj uviđamo složenost ljudskog ponašanja i prihvatamo izazov da ga objasnimo. Na ovaj način istoričari Srebrenice mogu delotvornije da se vrate primarnom izazovu svoje discipline: da objasne ovu nasilnu prošlost, opirući se istovremeno potrebi da je objašnjavaju uz pomoć rigidnih kategorija zasnovanih na njihovim aktuelnim moralnim i političkim stavovima.

 

KLJUČNE REČI:
Srebrenica, genocid, Međunarodni krivični sud za bivšu Jugoslaviju (MKSJ), Bosna i Hercegovina, istorijska metodologija

 

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